Ancient Egypt (Old Kingdom)

History has been fun for me because I don't remember a lot of this stuff. I don't know if I never learned it or maybe I just forgot? King Narmer (Menes) united Upper (southern) and Lower (northern) Egypt. He took the red crown of Lower Egypt and placed it on top of his white crown to symbolize the union.
Egyptians carved hieroglyphs into stone until they learned how to make paper from papyrus. Unfortunately many of the papyrus records were not preserved as well as the stone records.They believed that their pharaohs were gods. They also believed in many other gods such as Ra (chief god of the sun) Osiris (god of the underworld) Isis, Horus, and Set. See the double crown on Horus? He represented the living pharaoh. The Ancient Egyptians are known for their skill in making mummies and pyramids. It took over 2 months to make a mummy. They used salt, spices, oil, and linen. The organs were placed in special canopic jars but the heart was left in the body (so Osiris could judge the person by weighing it). The mummies were buried with treasures and everything they would need in the afterlife.Pyramids were built by hand as enormous monuments and tombs for pharaohs. There were often secret passageways and empty rooms to fool potential grave robbers. Unfortunately, many tombs were plundered despite the designs.